Gambaran Hasil Uji Widal Berdasarkan Lama Demam pada Pasien Suspek Demam Tifoid

Abstract

Abstrak

Diagnosis definitif demam tifoid adalah dengan biakan, tetapi pada beberapa daerah sering tidak tersedia fasilitas untuk biakan, maka cara lain untuk membantu menegakkan diagnosis yang praktis dan tersedia di rumah sakit yaitu uji Widal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran hasil uji Widal pada pasien suspek demam tifoid. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Bagian Rekam Medik  RS Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah retrospektif deskriptif yang telah dilaksanakan dari Juli 2013 sampai Februari 2014. Jumlah sampel yang didapatkan adalah sebanyak 46 orang. Dari 46 sampel didapatkan hasil uji Widal dengan titer antibodi terhadap antigen O 1:80 sebanyak 6,51%, 1:160 sebanyak 73,89%, 1:320 sebanyak 19,54%, dan 1:640 sebanyak 0%. Titer antibodi terhadap antigen H 1:80 sebanyak 4,34%, 1:160 sebanyak 47,80%, 1:320 sebanyak 45,63%, dan 1:640 sebanyak 2,17%. Kesimpulan hasil studi ini ialah 1:160 adalah titer yang tersering ditemukan dengan titer antibodi terhadap antigen O tertinggi yakni 1:320 lebih sering ditemukan pada lama demam dengan rentang 6 – 8 hari sedangkan titer antibodi terhadap antigen H tertinggi yakni 1:640 ditemukan pada lama demam dengan rentang 6 – 8 hari.

Kata kunci: demam tifoid, uji Widal, Salmonella typhi

Abstract

The definitive diagnosis of typhoid fever is  proven by culture, but in some areas is often no way of culture. There is another examination that has been found to help the diagnosis that is practical and available in hospital which is called Widal test. The objective of this study was to describe the results of Widal test in patients with suspected typhoid fever. This research was conducted at the medical record of Dr. M. Djamil Padang Hospital. This is a descriptive research which was held in July 2013 – February 2014. The number of samples obtained are as many as 46 people.  The 46 samples obtained Widal test, the results was made with titres of antibodies against O antigens 1:80 as much as 6,51%, 1:160 as much as 73,89%, 1:320 as much as 19,54%, and 1:640 as much as  0%. Titers of antibodies against H antigens 1:80 as much as 4,34%, 1:160 as much as 47,80%, 1:320 as much as 45,63%, and 1:640 as much as 2,17%. The conclusion is 1:160 is the most often titres found in patients with suspected typhoid fever with the highest value of antibody titers against the O antigens that is 1:320, is more common in duration of fever with a range of 6-8 days and the highest value of antibody titers against H antigens that is 1:640 has found in duration of fever with range 6-8 days.

Keywords: typhoid fever, Widal test, Salmonella typhi