Terapi Medikamentosa pada Paralisis Saraf Fasialis Akibat Fraktur Tulang Temporal

Jacky Munilson, Yan Edward, Dedy Rusdi

Abstract


Abstrak
Pendahuluan: Paralisis saraf fasialis merupakan salah satu komplikasi fraktur tulang temporal. Fraktur tulang temporal dapat berupa fraktur longitudinal, transversal maupun campuran. Paralisis saraf fasialis lebih banyak ditemukan pada fraktur tulang transversal dibandingkan longitudinal. Penatalaksanaan paralisis saraf fasialis akibat fraktur tulang temporal masih kontroversi, dapat berupa terapi medikamentosa maupun terapi bedah. Metode: Satu kasus paralisis saraf fasialis akibat fraktur temporal longitudinal tahun yang ditatalaksana dengan terapi medikamentosa. Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan fungsi saraf pasialis dengan terapi medikamentosa pada paralisis parsial saraf fasialis akibat fraktur temporal longitudinal. Diskusi: Penatalaksanaan paralisis saraf fasialis akibat fraktur tulang temporal masih merupakan hal yang kontroversial. Pasien dengan paralisis parsial (House Brackmann II-V) cukup dilakukan observasi dan terapi dengan steroid berupa prednison, sedangkan pada paralisis komplit (House Brackmann VI), terapi medikamentosa dengan steroid dapat dikombinasikan dengan terapi bedah berupa dekompresi atau grafting. Pertimbangan untuk melakukan pembedahan tergantung dari pemeriksaan CT Scan dan tes elektrofisiologis
Kata kunci: Paralisis saraf fasialis, fraktur tulang temporal, terapi medikamentosa

Abstract

Facial nerve paralysis is one of the temporal bone fracture complications. Temporal bone fracture is classified as longitudinal, transversal and mixed type. Facial nerve paralysis is more common in transversal rather than longitudinal type. The treatment of facial nerve paralysis due to temporal bone fracture still remain controversial, whether its medical therapy or surgical approach.Methode: One case of facial nerve paralysis caused by longitudinal type of temporal bone fracture has been treated by medical therapy. Result: There is an increase of facial nerve function treated with medical therapy in a case of partial nerve paralysis due to longitudinal type of temporal bone fracture. Discussion: Management of facial nerve paralysis due to temporal bone fracture is still controversial. Patient with partial paralysis (House Brackmann II-V) treated with observation and medical therapy using steroid, whereas complete paralysis (House Brackmann VI) treated with medical therapy using steroid, combine with decompression and grafting surgery. Considerations for surgery depend on computed tomography and electrophysiology examination.
Keywords: Facial nerve paralysis, temporal bone fracture, medical therapy


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jka.v4i1.237

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Copyright (c) 2015 Jacky Munilson, Yan Edward, Dedy Rusdi

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