Hubungan Status Gravida dan Usia Ibu terhadap Kejadian Preeklampsia di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang Tahun 2012-2013
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v4i1.224Abstract
Abstrak
Preeklampsia merupakan penyakit dengan angka morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi. Penyebab pasti terjadinya preeklampsia belum diketahui, namun terdapat faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi kejadian preeklampsia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan status gravida dan usia ibu terhadap kejadian preeklampsia di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2012-2013. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari 2014 sampai Februari 2014 di bagian Rekam Medis dengan menggunakan desain cross sectional study komparatif terhadap 81 pasien preeklampsia dan 81 ibu hamil tidak preeklampsia yang bersalin di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang pada tahun 2012-2013. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi primigravida yang menderita preeklampsia 1,52 kali lebih banyak daripada primigravida yang tidak preeklampsia. Proporsi ibu yang berusia dalam kategori usia risiko tinggi (< 20 tahun dan > 35 tahun) dan menderita preeklampsia 4,43 kali lebih banyak daripada yang tidak menderita preeklampsia. Setelah dilakukan analisis melalui uji chi square, disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara status gravida dan usia ibu dengan kejadian preeklampsia (p < 0,05).
Kata kunci: preeklampsia, status gravida, usia ibu
Abstract
Preeklampsia is a disease with high morbidity and mortality. The exact cause of preeklampsia still unknown, but there are risk factors that affect the preeklampsia’s incident. The objective of this study was to determine the correlation between gravidity and maternal age with preeklampsia’s incident in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang on 2012 – 2013.The research was did in January 2014 to February 2014 at Medical Records department using cross sectional study comparative’s design toward 81 preeclamptic patients and 81 pregnant women who didn’t preeklampsia, which gave birth in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang on 2012 - 2013. The results showed that the proportion of primigravidae who suffer from preeklampsia is 1.52 times more than primigravidae who do not. Proportion of mother who is in the age category of high risk (< 20 years and > 35 years) and suffer from preeklampsia is 4.43 times more than who don’t .After analyzed by chi square test, it is concluded that there are significant correlation between gravidity and maternal age with preeklampsia’s incident in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang on 2012 – 2013 (p < 0.05). Keywords: preeklampsia, gravidity, maternal age
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