Hubungan Konsumsi Antioksidan dari Makanan dengan Beta-Amyloid Plasma sebagai Penanda Gangguan Fungsi Kognitif pada Lanjut Usia

Ratna D Siregar, Nur Indrawati Lipoeto, Yuliarni Syafrita

Abstract


Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsumsi vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, zink dan selenium dari makanan dengan fungsi kognitif pada lanjut usia. Metoda penelitian adalah cross sectional study terhadap 145 lansia umur ≥ 60 tahun, pada dua kecamatan di Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota Sumatra Barat. Wawancara konsumsi antioksidan menggunakan Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ), fungsi kognitif diperiksa dengan Montreal Cognitive Assesment versi Indonesia (MoCA-Ina), Aβ40 dan Aβ42 plasma diperiksa dengan metode ELISA. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney dan Chi-square. Pada hasil penelitian ditemukan 83 orang (57,2%) lansia yang mengalami gangguan fungsi kognitif. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsumsi vitamin C (p<0,049) dan vitamin E (p<0,037) tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan antara vitamin A, zink dan selenium dengan fungsi kognitif. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsumsi antioksidan dengan tingkat Aβ40 dan Aβ42 serta antara tingkat Aβ40 dan Aβ42 dengan fungsi kognitif masing-masing (p<0,058 dan p<0,350). Kesimpulan hasil penelitian ini didapatkan hubungan antara konsumsi vitamin C dan vitamin E dari makanan dengan fungsi kognitif. Tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan antara konsumsi antioksidan dengan Aβ40 dan Aβ42 plasma dan Aβ40 dan Aβ42 dengan fungsi kognitif.
Kata kunci: antioksidan, beta-amyloid, fungsi kognitif, lanjut usia

Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between consumption of vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin E, zinc and selenium from foods with cognitive function in elderly. This was a cross-sectional study that was conducted to 145 elderly with age ≥ 60 years, in two districts in West Sumatra, in Lima Puluh Kota city. Interview antioxidant intake using a Food Frequency Questionnaires (FFQ), cognitive function was checked by Montreal Cognitive Assessment Indonesian version (MoCA-Ina), plasma Aβ40 dan Aβ42 were examined by ELISA while the data were analyzed by using the Mann-Whitney and Chi-square test. Results : Eighty three elderly people (57.2%) were found with impaired cognitive function. There was a significant association between the consumption of vitamin C (p < 0.049) and vitamin E (p < 0.037) but there was no signifikan association between vitamin A, zinc and selenium with cognitive function. There was no significant association between consumption of the antioxidant and both plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 levels. There was no significant between levels of Aβ40 and Aβ42 and cognitive function (p < 0.058 and p < 0.350, respectively).Conclusion : There is a association between the consumption of vitamin C and vitamin E from food and cognitive function, but there is no association between the consumption of the antioxidant and levels of plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 and between levels of plasma Aβ40 and Aβ42 and cognitive function.
Keywords: antioxidants, amyloid-beta, cognitive function, elderly


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jka.v4i1.206

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Copyright (c) 2015 Ratna D Siregar, Nur Indrawati Lipoeto, Yuliarni Syafrita

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