Pengaruh Pemberian Diet Tinggi Minyak Sawit terhadap Kadar Malondialdehid Darah Tikus Wistar

Abstract

Abstrak
Minyak sawit merupakan sumber lemak yang banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Minyak ini mengandung 50% asam lemak jenuh atau saturated fatty acid (SFA), 40% asam lemak tidak jenuh rantai tunggal atau Monounsaturated Fatty Acid (MUFA),10% asam lemak tidak jenuh rantai ganda atau Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA), antioksidan, vitamin E dan beta-karoten. Rasio asam lemak jenuh dan asam lemak tidak jenuh pada minyak sawit hampir sama. Komposisi asam lemak dan antioksidan berperan dalam menentukan pembentukan ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) di jaringan tubuh. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh diet tinggi minyak sawit terhadap kadar Malondialdehid (MDA) darah tikus. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu studi eksperimental dengan menggunakan post test only control group design. Sampel terdiri dari sepuluh ekor tikus wistar jantan dengan berat antara 180-260 gram yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok tikus control yang diberi diet standar ad libitum dan kelompok tikus perlakuan yang diberi tambahan minyak sawit kedalam diet standar ad libitum. Setelah perlakuan satu bulan, dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar malondialdehid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara kadar MDA kelompok tikus perlakuan (2,494±0,504 nmol/ml) dengan kelompok tikus kontrol (3,152±0,237 nmol/ml). Dari hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa diet tinggi minyak sawit menurunkan kadar MDA darah tikus.
Kata kunci: minyak sawit, SFA, MUFA, antioxidant, ROS, MDA

Abstract
Palm oil is a source of fat which most widely consumed by Indonesian people. This oil contains 50% Saturated Fatty Acid (SFA), 40% Monounsaturated Fatty Acid (MUFA), 10% Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid (PUFA), antioxidant, vitamin E and beta-carotene. The saturated fatty acid to unsaturated fatty acid ratio of palm oil is almost same. Composition offatty acids and antioxidants play a role in determining the production of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) in the tissues of the body. This study was aimed to assess the effect of a high palm oil diet on malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration in rat’s blood. This research was an experimental study which applies post test only control group design. Sample amounted to ten male wistar rats with 180-260 gram weight were divided into two research groups those are control group rats which were administrated standard diet ad libitum and treatment group rats which were administrated addition of palm oil to standar diet ad libitum. After one month treatment, malondialdehyde concentrations were observed. The result of this study revealed significant defference (p<0.05) between MDA concentration in treatment group rats (2.494±0.504 nmol/ml) and control group rats (3.152±0.237 nmol/ml). From the result of this research may be concluded that high palm oil diet decreased MDA concentration of rat’s blood.
Keywords: palm oil, SFA, MUFA, antioxidant, ROS, MDA