Gambaran Pasien Tuli Mendadak di Bagian THT-KL RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v5i2.532Abstract
AbstrakTuli mendadak adalah penurunan pendengaran sensorineural yang berlangsung dalam waktu kurang dari 72 jam. Penyakit ini merupakan salah satu kegawatdaruratan neurotologi dan memerlukan penatalaksanaan dini untuk menghindari kecacatan yang dapat ditimbulkan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melihat gambaran kejadian tuli mendadak di Bagian THT-KL RSUP Dr. M.Djamil. Ini merupakan penelititan deskriptif retrospektif dengan menggunakan data rekam medik di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang selama tahun 2010 sampai tahun 2013. Didapatkan hasil sebanyak 26 kasus yang masuk kriteria inklusi pada periode tersebut. Sebaran umur penderita dari 8 sampai 79 tahun, dengan distribusi terbanyak pada usia 40 – 60 tahun. Faktor resiko yang ditemukan berupa hipertensi dan diabetes melitus sama besar yaitu 11,54%. Gejala klinis terdiri atas tinitus (76,92%), diikuti vertigo (38,46%), dan rasa penuh di telinga (15,38%). Pasien terbanyak pada derajat ketulian sangat berat (38,46%), kemudian derajat sedang berat dan berat (23,08%), diikuti derajat ringan (11,54%) dan sedang (3,85%). Distribusi onset terapi terbanyak pada 0 – 7 hari (50,00%), kemudian onset > 14 hari (30,77%) dan onset 8 – 14 hari (19,23%). Perbaikan pendengaran ditemukan sama banyak pada kategori sangat baik dan baik sebanyak 6 kasus dan diikuti kategori sembuh satu kasus. Dari penelitian ini dapat dikatakan tidak hanya satu faktor yang menentukan perbaikan tuli mendadak.
Kata kunci: tuli mendadak, retrospektif, gejala klinis
1Mahasiswa FK Unand, 2Bagian Pulmonologi FK Unand, 3Bagian Patologi Anatomi FK Unand
Abstract
Sudden deafness is a sensorineural hearing loss  in less than 72 hours. Sudden deafness is a neurotological emergency and requiring an early management to avoid the defects that can be caused. The objective of this study was to see cases of sudden deafness in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital. This was a descriptive research with retrospective design using medical record data in Dr. M. Djamil General Hospital in Padang during 2010 to 2013. From the research, 26 cases were obtained that can meet the inclusion criteria in the period. The age ranged from 8 to 79 years old, with most distributions at age 40-60 years old. Risk factors, hypertension and diabetes mellitus, were found equally 11,54%. Clinical symptoms consisted of tinnitus (76,92%), followed by vertigo (38,46%), and ear fullness (15,38%). Using grades of hearing impairment, most of patients were classified profound impairment (38,46%), then moderate and moderate severe impaitment (23,08%), followed by slight (11,54%) and moderate impairment (3,85%). Most therapeutic onset distribution is 0-7 days (50,00%), > 14 days onset (30,77%) and onset 8-14 days (19,23%). Hearing improvement was found equally in very good and good category (6 cases) and followed by recover category (1 case). It can be conclude that there were many factors can affect hearing improvement in sudden deafness case.
Keywords: sudden deafness, retrospective, clinical symptomsDownloads
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