Hubungan Faktor Risiko Terhadap Kejadian Sindroma Koroner Akut pada Pasien Dewasa Muda di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v5i2.517Abstract
AbstrakSumatera Barat merupakan provinsi dengan prevalensi penyakit jantung tertinggi ke-4 di Indonesia. Sindroma Koroner Akut (SKA) merupakan suatu spektrum perjalanan aterosklerosis pada Penyakit Jantung Koroner (PJK). Prevalensi penyakit ini meningkat diperkirakan karena faktor risiko seperti; jenis kelamin, riwayat keluarga, diabetes melitus, hipertensi, dislipidemia dan merokok. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan hubungan faktor risiko dengan kejadian SKA pada dewasa muda..Ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan desain potong lintang yang dilakukan di RSUP.M. Djamil Padang dari Juni 2014 sampai Oktober 2014. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien SKA berusia < 45 tahun yang dirawat dari 1 Januari 2011 – 31 Desember 2013 sebanyak 66 orang sebagai subjek penelitian. Data  pasien didapatkan dari rekam medik. Data dideskripsikan dengan tabel dan dianalisis dengan uji chi-square dan regresi logistik.Distribusi frekuensi terbanyak pasien SKA terdapat pada laki-laki (74,2%), riwayat merokok (63,6%) dan hipertensi (37,9%). Hasil uji chi-square menunjukan terdapat hubungan antara hipertensi dan riwayat keluarga dengan kejadian SKA pada dewasa muda.Pasien dewasa muda dengan hipertensi berisiko terkena SKA 0,301 kali lebih besar.Hipertensi merupakan faktor yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian SKA pada pasien dewasa muda.
Kata kunci: sindroma koroner akut, penyakit jantung koroner, faktor risiko
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Abstract
West Sumatra is the 4th highest province in prevalence of heart disease in Indonesia. Acute Coronary Syndromes (ACS) is a spectrum of atherosclerosis in Cardiac Heart Disease (CHD). The prevalence of this disease has increased related to risk factors,such as; gender, family history, diabetes mellitus, hypertension  and smoking. The objective of tthis study was to determine the relationship of risk factors of ACS in young adults.This was an analytic observational cross-sectional design conducted at Dr.M. Djamil Padang Hospital from June 2014 - October 2014. The populations were ACS patients age < 45 years old which hodpitalized from January 1st  2011 - December 31st  2013 to 66 samples as research subject.The data was retrieved from medical record. Data described in tables and analyzed with the chi-square test and logistic regression.The frequency distributions of most ACS patients are males (74,2%), smoking history (63,6%), and hypertension (37,9%). Chi-square test result shows that hypertension and family history are related to ACS events in young adults. ACS events are more likely to occur 0,301 times in young adults with hypertension. Hypertension is the most influencing factor of ACS events in young adults.
Keywords: acute coronary syndromes, coronary heart disease, risk factors
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