Hubungan Berat Plasenta Dengan Berat Badan Lahir Bayi di Kota Pariaman
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v2i2.122Abstract
Abstrak
Pertumbuhan janin intrauterine dipengaruhi oleh fungsi plasenta. Plasenta mensuplai oksigen dan makanan dari sirkulasi ibu ke janin dan mengeluarkan sisa metabolisme dari sirkulasi janin ke ibu. Berat plasenta bertambah akibat pertumbuhan vilus plasenta. Vilus-vilus ini berfungsi sebagai tempat pertukaran makanan, oksigen dan zat sisa janin, sehingga berat plasenta akan berperan penting dalam menentukan berat badan lahir bayi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan berat plasenta dengan berat badan lahir bayi di Kota Pariaman. Metode penelitian adalah deskriptif dan analitik, sedangkan pengolahan data dilakukan dengan uji korelasi software SPSS 15. Penelitian dilakukan di kota Pariaman dengan menggunakan data ibu melahirkan dari bulan Januari-Juni 2011. Ada 30 orang subjek dalam penelitian ini, didapatkan berat badan lahir bayi rata-rata adalah 2.996,67 gram (SD = 448,36), 4 diantaranya (13,33%) memiliki berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) sementara yang lainnya normal. Berat plasenta rata-rata 496,67 gram (SD = 49,01). Berdasarkan hasil uji korelasi, berat plasenta berhubungan dengan berat badan lahir bayi di Kota Pariaman dengan p = 0,00 (<0,05) dan r = 0,784. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah berat plasenta memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan berat badan lahir bayi di Kota Pariaman dan kekuatan hubungan sedang.
Kata kunci: Plasenta, berat plasenta, berat badan lahir bayi
Abstract
The intrauterine growth of foetus is affected by the placental function. The functions are supplying oxygen and nutrition from maternal circulation to the foetus and secreting the metabolism residual from foetus circulation to the maternals. The increase of placental and foetus weight occurs in the same time. The villi is the surface for the exchange of nutritions, oxygens, and residual substances of feotus. The goals of this study is to identify the relationship between placental weight and birth weight in Pariaman. The method of this study is descriptive and analytical with correlation test and SPSS 15 was used for data processing. This study was held in Pariaman and pregnant woment’s data taken from January until June 2011. The results of this study showed that 30 subjects had the average of birth weight was 2,996.67 gram (SD = 448.36), 4 (13.33%) were low birth weight, while the others were normal. The average of placental weight was 496.67 gram (SD = 49.01). Based on correlation test, placental weight had relationship with birth weight in Pariaman (p = 0.00 (<0.05) and r = 0.784). The conclusion is placental weight had significant correlation with birth weight in Pariaman and the power of correlation was intermediate.
Keywords:Placenta, placental weight, birth weight
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