Gambaran Faktor Risiko dan Tipe Stroke pada Pasien Rawat Inap di Bagian Penyakit Dalam RSUD Kabupaten Solok Selatan Periode 1 Januari 2010 - 31 Juni 2012
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v2i2.119Abstract
Abstrak
Stroke merupakan penyakit akibat gangguan peredaran darah otak yang dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor risiko terdiri dari yang tidak dapat diubah berupa usia dan jenis kelamin dan yang dapat diubah seperti hipertensi, peningkatan kadar gula darah, dislipidemia, dan pekerjaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui distribusi tipe stroke dan faktor risiko yang berpengaruh pada pasien stroke rawat inap di RSUD Kabupaten Solok Selatan. Metode penelitian: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif dengan menggunakan data skunder pasien stroke yang dirawat di RSUD Solok Selatan. Data yang diambil meliputi usia, jenis kelamin, tekanan darah, kadar gula darah, profil lipid saat pertama pasien masuk rumah sakit, dan pekerjaan. Sampel penelitian adalah seluruh pasien stroke yang pernah dirawat di Bagian Penyakit Dalam RSUD Kabupaten Solok Selatan pada periode 1 Januari 2010 – 31 Juni 2012 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan proporsi stroke terbanyak adalah stroke ischemic (61,46%), perempuan (54,17%) yang berusia >50 tahun (81,25%) yang bekerja sebagai ibu rumah tangga (43,75%). Faktor risiko yang dapat diubah tertinggi adalah hipertensi (82,30%) diikuti kolesterol total meningkat (69,79%). Faktor risiko tertinggi pada stroke ischemic adalah gula darah meningkat (47,89%) dan pada stroke hemorrhagic adalah hipertensi (100,00%). Faktor risiko tertinggi pada seluruh pasien adalah hipertensi (82,30%). Kesimpulan: Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa stroke tipe ischemic lebih banyak dari tipe hemorrhagic dengan faktor risiko utama hipertensi, sedangkan stroke ischemic terutama dipengaruhi oleh peningkatan gula darah.
Kata kunci: stroke ischemic, stroke hemorrhagic, faktor risiko stroke
Abstract
Stroke is a disease caused by disorder of brain blood circulation with many risk factors that contribute in this disease, consist of non modifiable risk factor including age and sex and modifiable risk factors example hypertension, high glucose level, dyslipidemia, and jobs. This study aimed to determine the distribution of the type of stroke and the risk factors that affect to stroke patients who were treat in South Solok hospital.Methods: This research is descriptive research using secondary data, including the patient’s medical record. The data including age, gender, blood pressure, glucose level, lipid profile when the first patient in the hospital, and jobs. The samples were all stroke patients who had been treat in the Department of Internal Medicine of South Solok hospital in the period from January 1st 2010 until June 31th 2012 that meet the inclusion criteria.The results: The results showed the highest proportion of strokes were ischemic stroke (61.46%), women (54.17%) aged> 50 years (81.25%) who work as housewives (43.75%). The highest of modifiable risk factors are hypertension (82.30%) followed by increases in total cholesterol (69.79%). The highest risk factors for ischemic stroke is high glucose level (47.89%) and for hemorrhagic stroke is hypertension (100.00%). The highest risk in both ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic is hypertension (82.30%).Conclusion: Based on the end result, we can concluded that the insidence of ischemic stroke disease is greater than hemorrhagic stroke, and as the main risk factor is hypertension, mean while ischemic stroke is most affected by high glucose level.
Keywords: stroke ischemic, stroke hemorrhagic, faktor risiko stroke
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