Hubungan Pengetahuan dan Sikap dengan Tindakan Pencegahan Penularan HIV-AIDS pada Waria di Kota Padang Tahun 2013

Abstract

Abstrak
Kasus HIV/AIDS di Provinsi Sumatera barat sampai Desember 2012 sebanyak 133 kasus positif HIV dan 120 kasus AIDS, jumlah kasus terbesar di kota Padang sebesar 78,94%. Faktor resiko paling banyak melalui hubungan seksual sebesar 32%, dan di antara 40 orang waria penjaja seks dibawah bimbingan LSM APP(Aia Pacah Peduli) dinyatakan 5 waria +HIV. Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisa hubungan pengetahuan dan sikap dengan tindakan pencegahan penularan HIV-AIDS pada waria di kota Padang. Metode penelitian adalah analitik observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi penelitian adalah para waria penjaja seks dibawah bimbingan LSM APP Padang. Penentuan jumlah sampel menggunakan teknik total sampling dengan jumlah sampel 40 waria penjaja seks. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 65% waria penjaja seks memiliki tindakan yang baik, 70% memiliki pengetahuan yang tinggi, dan 52,5% menunjukkan sikap sedang terhadap pencegahan penularan HIV-AIDS. Hasil uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa ke dua variabel independen berhubungan secara bermakna dengan variabel dependen (p < 0,05) yaitu variabel pengetahuan (p = 0,040) dan sikap (p = 0,048).
Kata kunci: Pengetahuan, Sikap, Tindakan, HIV-AIDS, Waria penjaja seks

Abstract
Cases of HIV/AIDS in West Sumatra province until December 2012, is as many as 133 cases of HIV positive and 120 cases of AIDS, with the largest number is occured in Padang city that is 79.3%. The most influenced risk factor is through a sexual relationship amounted to 32%, and among the 40 transvestites sex workers who have been under the guidance of the APP (Aia Pacah Peduli)—an NGO, there are 5 transvestites with +HIV. This research aims to analyze the relationship of knowledge and attitude with the precautions of HIV/AIDS transmission on transvestites in Padang city. Methode of this research is an observational analytic study with cross sectional study approach. Population were all transvestites sex workers (40) who have been under the guidance of the APP (Aia Pacah Peduli)—an NGO that is 40. The amount of this sample is chosen using total sampling. Data analysis uses statistical test of chi-square. The research results showed that 65% of transvestites sex workers take good preventive action, 70% had high knowledge, and 52.5% show that they took sufficient attitude related to prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission. Chi-square test results showed that the two independent variables are significantly correlated with the dependent variable (p < 0,05), that is knowledge variable (p =0,040) and attitude (p =0,048).
Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Action, HIV/AIDS, Transvestites sex workers