Gambaran Hitung Jenis Leukosit pada Pasien Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik yang Dirawat di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v3i2.94Abstract
Abstrak
Penyakit paru obstruktif kronik (PPOK) ditandai oleh adanya hambatan aliran udara yang irreversibel dan bersifat progresif. Asap rokok, polusi udara, dan infeksi berulang pada saluran napas akan mengaktivasi makrofag alveolus dan melepaskan mediator inflamasi yang merangsang progenitor granulositik dan monositik di sumsum tulang sehingga mempengaruhi hitung jenis leukosit pada darah tepi. Faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi hitung jenis leukosit pada pasien PPOK adalah adanya penyakit penyerta. Desain penelitian ini adalah retrospektif deskriptif terhadap data rekam medik 69 orang yang dirawat di bagian paru dan penyakit dalam RSUP dr. M. Djamil Padang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pasien PPOK tanpa penyakit penyerta (n=9) memiliki nilai rata-rata hitung jenis basofil 0±0%, eosinofil 1,22±1,2%, neutrofil batang 3,33±2,5%, neutrofil segmen 79,56±9,26%, limfosit 13,67±6,55%, dan monosit 2,22±2,44%. Pada pasien PPOK dengan penyakit penyerta infeksi (n=41) didapatkan nilai rata-rata hitung jenis basofil 0±0%, eosinofil 1,02±1,59%, neutrofil batang 1,98±2,63%, neutrofil segmen 81,07±8,44%, limfosit 12,83±6,68%, dan monosit 3,1±2,71%. Pada pasien PPOK dengan penyakit penyerta non infeksi (n=19) didapatkan nilai rata-rata hitung jenis basofil 0±0%, eosinofil 2,16±5,65%, neutrofil batang 2,16±1,77%, neutrofil segmen 79,0±10,44%, limfosit 14,16±8,03%, dan monosit 2,53±1,87%. Penelitian ini memperlihatkan pasien PPOK tanpa penyakit penyerta, dengan penyakit penyerta infeksi, dan dengan penyakit penyerta non infeksi mengalami neutrofilia dan limfositopenia.
Kata kunci: PPOK, hitung jenis leukosit
Abstract
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) characterized by airflow obstruction that is irreversible and progressive. Cigarette smoke, air pollution, and recurrent infections in the respiratory tract can activates alveolar macrophages to release inflammatory mediators that stimulate granulocytic and monocytic progenitors in the bone marrow that can affect leukocyte counts in peripheral blood. Other factors that can also affect leukocyte count in COPD patients is the presence of comorbidities. The design of this study was descriptive retrospective from medical record of 69 people with COPD who were treated at the lungs and internal medicine department of dr. M. Djamil Hospital Padang. The result of this study show in COPD patients without comorbidities (n=9) average value of basophil counts 0±0%, eosinophils 1.22±1.2%, neutrophils rod 3.33±2.5%, neutrophils segment 79.56±9.26%, lymphocytes 13.67±6.55%, and monocytes 2.22±2.44%. COPD patients with infectious comorbidities (n=41) obtained average value of basophil counts 0±0%, eosinophils 1.02±1.59%, neutrophils rod 1.98±2.63%, neutrophils segment 81.07±8.44%, lymphocytes 12.83±6.68%, and monocytes 3.1±2.71%. In COPD patients with non-infectious comorbidities (n=19) obtained average value of basophil counts 0±0%, eosinophils 2.16±5.65%, neutrophils rod 2.16±1.77%, neutrophils segment 79.0±10.44%, lymphocytes 14.16±8.03%, and monocytes 2.53±1.87%. This study shows that COPD patients without comorbidities, with infectious, and with non-infectious comorbidities obtained neutrophilia and lymphocytopenia.
Keywords:COPD, differential leukocyte count
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