Insidensi Tuberkulosis Paru pada Pasien Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 di Ruang Rawat Inap Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v5i2.520Abstract
Abstrak
Diabetes melitus (DM) merupakan suatu penyakit metabolik dengan karakteristik hiperglikemia akibat kelainan sekresi dan/atau gangguan kerja insulin. Sekitar 80% dari seluruh kasus DM merupakan DM tipe 2. Salah satu komplikasi DM adalah tuberkulosis (TB) paru. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi insidensi TB paru pada pasien DM tipe 2 di Ruang Rawat Inap Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah data sekunder dari Instalasi Rekam Medis RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang berupa data pasien DM tipe 2 dan rekam medik pasien DM tipe 2 dengan TB paru yang dirawat di Ruang Rawat Inap Penyakit Dalam RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang sejak 1 Januari 2011 – 31 Desember 2011. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 29 kasus TB paru dari 748 orang pasien DM tipe 2 (3,88%). Kasus DM tipe 2 dengan TB paru terbanyak ditemukan pada kelompok jenis kelamin laki-laki (58,62%), usia < 60 tahun (72,41%; mean: 54,66 ± 12,77 tahun), dan normoweight (51,72%). Sebagian besar pasien menunjukkan hasil pemeriksaan BTA sputum negatif (65,52%). Insidensi pada penelitian ini sedikit lebih rendah daripada hasil penelitian sebelumnya.
Kata kunci: insidensi, tuberkulosis paru, diabetes melitus tipe 2
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both. Type 2 DM makes up about 80% of all cases of DM. One of the DM’s complications is pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). The objective of this study was to evaluate the incidence of pulmonary TB among type 2 DM patients in Internal Medicine Ward RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang. The instruments used in this research were the secondary data derived from the Medical Record Departement RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang in the form of type 2 DM patients’ data and medical records of type 2 DM patients with pulmonary TB who were treated in Internal Medicine Ward RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang since January 1st 2011 – December 31st 2011. The results of this research showed that there were 29 cases of pulmonary TB among 748 type 2 DM patients (3,88%). Most of type 2 DM with pulmonary TB cases were found in males (58,62%), < 60 years old (72,41%; mean: 54,66 ± 12,77 years old), and normoweight group (51,72%). Most of these patients showed negative results on the sputum AFB examination (65,52%). The incidence in this research is lower than the previous studies.
Keywords: incidence, pulmonary tuberculosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus
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