Prevalensi dan Pola Sensitivitas Antibiotik Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli Penghasil Extended Spectrum Beta Laktamase di RSUP Dr. M Djamil Padang
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.25077/jka.v9i2.1272Abstract
Prevalensi Escherichia coli dan Klebsiella pneumoniae penghasil Extended spectrum beta Lactamase (ESBL) meningkat dalam beberapa tahun ini. Infeksi bakteri penghasil ESBL memiliki pilihan terapi yang terbatas. Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi dan pola sensitivitas antibiotik dari Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr M Djamil Padang. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi deskriptif dengan rancangan potong lintang terhadap 828 sampel mikrobiologi dengan hasil kultur positif terhadap bakteri Gram negatif pada bulan Juni 2018- Mei 2019 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Identifikasi bakteri, pemeriksaan ESBL dan uji sensitivitas dilakukan dengan alat mikrobiologi otomatis dengan metode kolorimetri dan turbidimetri. Hasil: Prevalensi Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr M Djamill Padang masing-masing sebanyak 70,9% dan 75,7%. Sensitivitas Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL adalah 96,4% dan 98,8 terhadap antibiotik meropenem, 98,9% dan 99,4% terhadap antibiotik amikasin, 53,5% dan 44,8% terhadap antibiotik sefepim, 46,2% dan 53,4% terhadap antibiotik gentamisin serta 31,5% dan 15,9% terhadap antibiotik siprofloksasin. Prevalensi Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL di RSUP Dr. M Djamil Padang cukup tinggi dengan rata-rata prevalensi kedua bakteri 73,2%. Simpulan: Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Escherichia coli penghasil ESBL sensitif terhadap antibiotik meropenem dan amikasin.
Kata kunci: ESBL, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, prevalensi
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