Perbandingan Reaksi Zat Besi Terhadap Teh Hitam dan Teh Hijau Secara In Vitro dengan Menggunakan Spektrofotometer Uv-Vis

Abstract

Abstrak
Salah satu permasalahan gizi yang dihadapi Indonesia adalah anemia defisiensi besi. Defesiensi besi ini dapat disebabkan oleh asupan dan serapan yang tidak adekuat, seperti kebiasaan mengonsumsi zat yang dapat menghambat penyerapan zat besi seperti minum teh pada saat makan. Hambatan penyerapan ini disebabkan oleh polifenol yang terkandung di dalam teh, terutama tanin. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada teh hitam dan teh hijau yang banyak dikonsumsi masyarakat. Larutan teh hitam dan teh hijau dijadikan sebagai kontrol, kemudian diberikan perlakuan dengan meneteskan FeCl3 1% sebanyak lima tetes. Larutan tersebut dibaca besar absorbannya dengan spektrofotometer UV-Vis. Prosedur ini dilakukan dengan pengulangan sebanyak lima kali. Data hasil penelitian diolah dengan menggunakan independent sample t test untuk melihat perbedaan rata-rata pada dua kelompok sampel tersebut. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan rata-rata besar absorban teh hitam kontrol 0,539 dan setelah diteteskan zat besi 0,30640. Absorban teh hijau kontrol 0,961 dan setelah diteteskan zat besi 0,65020. Hal ini berarti bahwa terjadi penurunan konsentrasi larutan tersebut. Penurunan absorban pada kontrol teh hitam dengan perlakuan adalah 43,15%, sedangkan pada teh hijau adalah 32,34%. Berdasarkan uji statistik, disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara absorbansi teh hitam dan teh hijau.
Kata kunci: Teh hitam, teh hijau, zat besi, absorban.

Abstract
One of the nutritional problems faced by Indonesia is iron deficiency anemia. It is caused by inadequate intake and absorption. One of the causes of this inadequate absorption is eating habit to consume substances that can inhibit iron absorption like drinking tea while eating. This is caused by tea polyphenol compounds, especially tannins. Black tea and green tea were observed in this research since these are widely consumed by public. Solution of black tea and green tea were used as control and they were treated by giving five drops of 1% FeCl3. Absorbance of those solutions was read by using spectrophotometer UV-Vis. This procedure was done with five times repetition. The result of this research was processed by using independent sample t test to discern mean of two groups samples. The result showed that the absorbance mean of black tea control is 0.539 and the absorbance mean of black tea that has dripped by iron is 0.30640. As for the green tea control absorbance is 0.961 and absorbance mean after iron sheds is 0.65020. It means that there is a dilution and reduction of solution concentration. Based on these figures, it was concluded that the concentration of black tea with iron sheds is smaller than the concentration of green tea with iron sheds. Nevertheless, there is a greater reduction in black tea compare with green tea in the absorbance reduction. Absorbance reduction from black tea control group to treatment group is 43.15%, while absorbance reduction from green tea control group to treatment group is 32.34%. Based on statistical tests, it was concluded that there is a significant difference between the absorbance of black tea and green tea.
Keywords: Black tea, green tea, iron, absorbance.