Pengaruh Media Promosi Kesehatan tentang ASI Eksklusif terhadap Peningkatan Pengetahuan Ibu di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Lubuk Begalung Padang Tahun 2014

Abstract

Abstrak
Upaya meningkatkan cakupan pemberian ASI eksklusif sudah banyak dilakukan, diantaranya dalam bentuk promosi kesehatan. Namun demikian hingga saat ini kegiatan tersebut belum menunjukkan hasil yang optimal terutama dalam hal penggunaan media. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh media promosi kesehatan terhadap peningkatan pengetahuan menggunakan media leaflet dan media film. Ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen semu (quasi-experimental) dengan rancangan pretest-posttest group design. Dilaksanakan di wilayah kerja puskesmas Lubuk Begalung Padang tahun 2014. Subjek penelitian adalah ibu hamil sebanyak 42 orang yang dipilih dengan cara simple random sampling. Subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, kelompok pertama menggunakan media leaflet dan kelompok kedua dengan media film. Data dianalisis dengan uji Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah promosi kesehatan dan uji Mann-Whitney membandingkan kedua media promosi kesehatan. Rata-rata pengetahuan responden sebelum diberikan promosi kesehatan dengan media leaflet 8,71 dan setelahnya 11,52. Pada media film sebelum diberikan promosi kesehatan 7,90 dan setelahnya 13,19. Selisih nilai pengetahuan responden dengan media leaflet 2,81 dan media film 5,29. Ada peningkatan pengetahuan ibu sebelum dan sesudah diberi promosi kesehatan dengan media leaflet dan media film. Media film lebih efektif meningkatkan pengetahuan dibanding dengan media leaflet.
Kata kunci: ASI eksklusif, leaflet, film

Abstract
Various attempts have been taken to improve the granting of exclusive breastfeeding, one of them is health promotion. Nonetheless, the health promotion has not shown the optimal result especially on the use of media. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of health promotion regarding exclusive breastfeeding on the knowledge improvement of pregnant mothers either by using leaflet or film media. This was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest group design. This study was conducted in the area of Lubuk Begalung health center Padang in 2014. The subjects were 42 pregnant women, choosen by using simple random sampling. The subject were divided into two categories. The first category was given a health promotion by using leaflet as the media and the second category was given by using film as the media. The data analyzed by using Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test to compare the knowledge of respondent before and after being given promotion and Mann-Whitney test to compare both of media. The average of respondent knowledge before being given health promotion by using leaflet was 8.71 and after being given health promotion was 11.52. In media film, the average of knowledge before was 7.90 and after was 13.19. The deviation of knowledge value of leaflet was 2.81 and film was 5.29. There is a significant knowledge improvement before and after being given the health promotion either by leaflet or film. Film is more effective in improving the knowledge of pregnant mothers compare than leaflet.
Keywords:Exclusive Breastfeeding, leaflet, film